在wsl下开发T113的主线linux（最新gcc+awboot+最新kernel+最新buildroot）

[whycan]

转载地址：在wsl下开发T113的主线linux（最新gcc+awboot+最新kernel+最新buildroot）
作者：epoko

[whycan]

这篇文章记录了在wsl系统下编译调试awboot和linux的全过程

硬件要求：任意T113-S3芯片的板子，SPI0接spinand标准接法。

1、准备wsl开发环境

首先在win10或win11下安装wsl，选择wsl1或者wsl2都可以，wsl2的性能更高一些，wsl1的跨系统文件操作速度更快一些，我这里因为有一些工程在win文件系统下，所以选择了wsl1，发行版使用最新的Ubuntu 22.04.01 LTS。
这里我没有选用vm虚拟机安装ubuntu开发的原因是虚拟机下的文件交互不够方便，特别是git和文件对比，有时在内核源码改了一些文件，使用win下的TortoiseGit工具就可以很方便的查看差异，提交变更。使用beyond compare也可很方便的比较各种文件文件夹的不同版本的差异。

在win资源管理器下可以直接查看wsl的linux根目录，右键可以直接执行各种操作，就像操作win文件一样

这里编译开发的核心软件只有一个，就是VS code，安装好后添加所需的插件。
串口调试工具使用MobaXterm

下载交叉编译器，这里使用arm官方最新的GCC 12.2
https://developer.arm.com/downloads/-/arm-gnu-toolchain-downloads
arm-gnu-toolchain-12.2.rel1-x86_64-arm-none-linux-gnueabihf.tar.xz
下载后解压在wsl的主目录，在.bashrc中添加编译器路径

PATH="$PATH:/home/wsl/arm-none-linux-gnueabihf/bin"

2、编译awboot

意外发现有awboot能够代替uboot直接引导内核，体验了一下果断选择awboot，因为足够简洁，编译大小只有32k，和uboot接近1M的体量相比，简直是小而美，启动速度也比uboot快上不少，也能同时支持sd卡，spinand，spinorflash启动。
https://github.com/szemzoa/awboot

说起uboot不禁想起几年前路由器第三方固件盛行的时期，那时的路由器还没有很复杂的方案，第三方固件往往比官方固件更易用功能更丰富，买个普通路由器换颗flash，内存芯片刷个系统就能获得更丰富的功能体验，各种固件openwrt，Padavan，高格百花齐放，为了刷机方便，系统的uboot都要支持tftp，串口甚至web的文件传输接口，由此孕育而出了大名鼎鼎的Breed，仅仅为了更新固件更方便，不用spi flash编程器那么麻烦的烧写。而到了全志嵌入式这边，由于自带usb接口的BROM，使用sunxi-fel或者xfel烧写flash已足够方便，所以使用uboot更新固件的需求就不是那么大，况且全志的方案比路由器的方案定制性更高一些，没有通用的第三方固件可以刷，所以uboot的功能就完全成了摆设，让用户使用sunxi-fel更新固件都要比uboot更新固件更稳定更实用，消费者用户用不到，开发人员也不会去用，那uboot的1m大小，集成的各种usb，网络，屏幕驱动，环境变量，文件系统，设备树编辑等功能就显得格外多余。

awboot相比spl+uboot的区别就是少了一次跳转的过程，由BROM拉起的boot0拥有足足160kb的sram，足够编写执行引导kernel的代码，所以这何尝不是一种恰到好处。

下面是awboot的编译过程：
修改makefile中的CROSS_COMPILE编译器定义为arm-none-linux-gnueabihf，或者使用

make CROSS_COMPILE=arm-none-linux-gnueabihf
命令编译
如果不是git拉取的而是手动下载解压的源码，需要去除git编译目标，位于makefile line:49
出现DWORD重复定义的错误，删除lib\fatfs\integer.h中的DWORD定义
链接出现未定义函数__aeabi_unwind_cpp_pr0，makefile中添加编译选项CFLAGS += -lgcc_eh
链接出现未定义函数raise，在main.c中添加函数

int raise(void)
{
	return 0;
}

编译成功，出现awboot.bin等文件

3、写入spinand测试

接下来是烧写入硬件验证，我的板子焊接的是W25N01GV，这里使用xfel，因为支持写入spi-nand。
https://github.com/xboot/xfel

为什么不使用sd卡验证，因为烧写sd卡需要：
拔卡->插到电脑->dd命令写入->拔卡->插到板子上。
而写入spi-nand只需要：
按着boot键同时按复位键->xfel命令写入(可以飞线两个按键，复位键接到reset脚到地，boot键接到spi-cs脚到地)。
步骤大幅减少，同时没有拔插sd卡造成的触点磨损。同时因为使用的wsl系统，并不能很方便的使用dd命令写入sd卡。虽然wsl下也不能直接访问全志的usb设备，但是xfel有win的版本，wsl下可直接执行exe文件，所以只需要下载xfel-windows解压到wsl中，在.bashrc中添加命令别名

alias xfel='/home/wsl/xfel-windows-v1.2.9/xfel.exe'
即可在wsl中使用win版的xfel，就像linux中的xfel一模一样。

make spi-boot.img
xfel version
xfel spinand
xfel spinand erase 0 0x8000000
xfel spinand write 0 spi-boot.img

复位重启，可以在串口看到awboot打印的信息
awboot默认使用uart5打印，其他串口可以修改board.c中的配置，非常通俗易懂
内核加载地址如下表，可在board.h中修改

• spi-nand内存划分 起始地址 空间容量
• awboot 0 0x40000(256k)
• dtb 0x40000 0x40000(256k)
• kernel 0x80000 任意

[I] AWBoot r6143 starting...
[I] SPI-NAND: W25N01GV detected
[E] SPI-NAND: DTB verification failed
[F] SPI-NAND: loading failed
restarting...

4、编译kernel

接下来编译kernel，编译过程可能会出现缺少命令的报错，大概是下面这几个

sudo apt update
sudo apt install flex bison bc libncurses-dev

目前linux主线的最新版本并没有适配t113的相关外设驱动，虽然能启动并串口打印，但其他的一些外设并没有驱动，还不是可用的状态，所以这里选择全志D1的kernel进行修改。
https://github.com/smaeul/linux/tree/d1/all

unzip linux-d1-all.zip
cd linux-d1-all

应用awboot提供的linux补丁

linux/allow_select_d1_ccu_on_t113.patch
linux/ccu-sun20i-make_cpux_clk_critical_for_t113.patch
linux/second_core_support_in_platsmp.patch
linux/d1s_t113_can_bus.patch

在arch\arm\configs\sunxi_defconfig中添加D1时钟

CONFIG_SUN20I_D1_CCU=y
CONFIG_SUN20I_D1_R_CCU=y

添加sun8i-t113.dtsi和sun8i-t113-mangopi-dual.dts设备树配置文件到arch\arm\boot\dts
在arch\arm\boot\dts\Makefile的line:1389 处，CONFIG_MACH_SUN8I配置中添加sun8i-t113-mangopi-dual.dtb

awboot提供的sun8i-t113-mangopi-dual.dts设备树文件调试终端串口是5，需要改成uart0。

make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-none-linux-gnueabihf- sunxi_defconfig
make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-none-linux-gnueabihf- zImage -j4
make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-none-linux-gnueabihf- dtbs

xfel spinand write 0x40000 arch/arm/boot/dts/sun8i-t113-mangopi-dual.dtb
xfel spinand write 0x80000 arch/arm/boot/zImage

复位，串口成功打印内核信息，目前spinand中还没有文件系统，所以系统无法启动成功。

5、构建ubi文件系统

接下来是构建文件系统，这里使用最新的buildroot
https://buildroot.org/downloads/buildroot-2022.11.tar.gz

tar xf buildroot-2022.11.tar.gz
cd buildroot-2022.11
make menuconfig
配置目标指令集类型

配置外部自定义编译器

配置生成文件系统类型为ubifs，最大逻辑擦除块数量决定了spinand的容量，我这里是128M的spinand，所以128M/128k = 1024

上面的这些配置操作可以用下面的默认配置文件代替，在configs文件夹创建sunxi_t113_spinand_defconfig文件，添加下面内容，使用make sunxi_t113_spinand_defconfig载入配置。

# architecture
BR2_arm=y
BR2_cortex_a7=y
BR2_ARM_FPU_VFPV4=y

# Toolchain
BR2_TOOLCHAIN_EXTERNAL=y
BR2_TOOLCHAIN_EXTERNAL_CUSTOM=y
BR2_TOOLCHAIN_EXTERNAL_PATH="/home/wsl/arm-none-linux-gnueabihf"
BR2_TOOLCHAIN_EXTERNAL_GLIBC=y
BR2_TOOLCHAIN_EXTERNAL_PREFIX="arm-none-linux-gnueabihf"
BR2_TOOLCHAIN_EXTERNAL_CUSTOM_PREFIX="arm-none-linux-gnueabihf"
BR2_TOOLCHAIN_EXTERNAL_GCC_12=y
BR2_TOOLCHAIN_EXTERNAL_HEADERS_4_20=y
BR2_TOOLCHAIN_EXTERNAL_CUSTOM_GLIBC=y
# BR2_TOOLCHAIN_EXTERNAL_INET_RPC is not set
BR2_TOOLCHAIN_EXTERNAL_CXX=y

# system

# kernel

# bootloader

# filesystem / image
BR2_TARGET_ROOTFS_UBI=y
BR2_TARGET_ROOTFS_UBI_PEBSIZE=0x20000
BR2_TARGET_ROOTFS_UBI_SUBSIZE=0
BR2_TARGET_ROOTFS_UBIFS=y
BR2_TARGET_ROOTFS_UBIFS_LEBSIZE=0x1f000
BR2_TARGET_ROOTFS_UBIFS_MINIOSIZE=0x800
BR2_TARGET_ROOTFS_UBIFS_MAXLEBCNT=1024
BR2_TARGET_ROOTFS_UBIFS_OPTS="-F"

配置完成后make开始编译，接下来就是漫长的下载编译过程，大概需要半小时。
编译成功后会生成output/images/rootfs.ubi，使用xfel命令写入。

xfel spinand erase 0x800000 0x7800000
xfel spinand write 0x800000 output/images/rootfs.ubi
复位发现没有启动成功，原来内核默认没有打开mtd和ubi支持，在内核配置添加下面选项

Device Drivers -> Memory Technology Device (MTD) support -> NAND -> SPI NAND device Support
Device Drivers -> Memory Technology Device (MTD) support -> Enable UBI - Unsorted block images
File Systems -> Miscellaneous filesystems -> UBIFS file system support
或者在arch\arm\configs\sunxi_defconfig中添加

CONFIG_MTD=y
CONFIG_MTD_SPI_NAND=y
CONFIG_MTD_UBI=y
CONFIG_UBIFS_FS=y
后重新载入配置。

另外设备树中的启动参数和分区也需要修改

bootargs = "mem=128M ubi.mtd=3 rootfstype=ubifs root=ubi0:rootfs rw rootwait console=ttyS0,115200";

&spi0 {
	pinctrl-0 = <&spi0_pins>;
	pinctrl-names = "default";
	status = "okay";

	spi_nand: spi_nand@0 {
        #address-cells = <1>;
        #size-cells = <1>;
		compatible = "spi-nand";
		reg = <0>;

		partition@0 {
				label = "awboot";
				reg = <0x0 0x40000>;	/* 256K */
				read-only;
		};

		partition@40000 {
				label = "dtb";
				reg = <0x40000 0x40000>;  /* 256k */
				read-only;
		};

		partition@80000 {
				label = "kernel";
				reg = <0x80000 0x780000>;  /* 7.5MB */
				read-only;
		};

		partition@800000 {
				label = "rootfs";
				reg = <0x800000 0x7800000>;
		};
	};
};

修改完后重新写入spi-nand，系统顺利启动，一个标准linux 6.1的基础busybox文件系统就做好了，可以根据不同应用可在buildroot添加所需的命令，下面是我常用的一些命令，总之非常方便。

make menuconfig
System configuration  ---> [*] Enable root login with password
Target packages  ---> Networking applications  ---> dropbear
Target packages ---> Libraries ---> Hardware handling ---> tslib
Target packages ---> Text editors and viewers ---> nano
Target packages ---> System tools ---> htop
iperf3
coremark
dhrystone

make busybox-menuconfig
Archival Utilities ---> Make tar xxx, Autodetect compressed tarballs
Linux System Utilities ---> Support mounting CIFS/SMB file systems
Networking Utilities ---> httpd
Networking Utilities ---> ntpd
Networking Utilities ---> udhcpd
Process Utilities ---> Support thread display in ps/pstree/top
Process Utilities ---> pgrep
Process Utilities ---> pmap
Process Utilities ---> Show the number of users

完整启动日志

[I] AWBoot r6143 starting...
[I] SPI-NAND: W25N01GV detected
[I] SPI-NAND: read dt blob of size 22242 at 43.00MB/S
[I] SPI-NAND: read Image of size 5424416 at 49.00MB/S
[I] booting linux...
[    0.000000] Booting Linux on physical CPU 0x0
[    0.000000] Linux version 6.1.0-rc3 (wsl@DESKTOP-NQRKTHB) (arm-none-linux-gnueabihf-gcc (Arm GNU Toolchain 12.2.Rel1 (Build arm-12.24)) 12.2.1 20221205, GNU ld (Arm GNU Toolchain 12.2.Rel1 (Build arm-12.1210) #7 SMP Fri Dec 30 18:52:12 CST 2022
[    0.000000] CPU: ARMv7 Processor [410fc075] revision 5 (ARMv7), cr=10c5387d
[    0.000000] CPU: div instructions available: patching division code
[    0.000000] CPU: PIPT / VIPT nonaliasing data cache, VIPT aliasing instruction cache
[    0.000000] OF: fdt: Machine model: MangoPi MQ-Dual
[    0.000000] Memory policy: Data cache writealloc
[    0.000000] cma: Reserved 16 MiB at 0x47000000
[    0.000000] Zone ranges:
[    0.000000]   Normal   [mem 0x0000000040000000-0x0000000047ffffff]
[    0.000000]   HighMem  empty
[    0.000000] Movable zone start for each node
[    0.000000] Early memory node ranges
[    0.000000]   node   0: [mem 0x0000000040000000-0x0000000047ffffff]
[    0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000040000000-0x0000000047ffffff]
[    0.000000] percpu: Embedded 11 pages/cpu s15764 r8192 d21100 u45056
[    0.000000] Built 1 zonelists, mobility grouping on.  Total pages: 32512
[    0.000000] Kernel command line: mem=128M ubi.mtd=3 rootfstype=ubifs root=ubi0:rootfs rw rootwait console=ttyS0,115200
[    0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 16384 (order: 4, 65536 bytes, linear)
[    0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes, linear)
[    0.000000] mem auto-init: stack:all(zero), heap alloc:off, heap free:off
[    0.000000] Memory: 99804K/131072K available (8192K kernel code, 952K rwdata, 2188K rodata, 1024K init, 270K bss, 14884K reserved, 16384K cma-reserved, 0K highmem)
[    0.000000] SLUB: HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=2, Nodes=1
[    0.000000] rcu: Hierarchical RCU implementation.
[    0.000000] rcu:     RCU restricting CPUs from NR_CPUS=8 to nr_cpu_ids=2.
[    0.000000] rcu: RCU calculated value of scheduler-enlistment delay is 10 jiffies.
[    0.000000] rcu: Adjusting geometry for rcu_fanout_leaf=16, nr_cpu_ids=2
[    0.000000] NR_IRQS: 16, nr_irqs: 16, preallocated irqs: 16
[    0.000000] rcu: srcu_init: Setting srcu_struct sizes based on contention.
[    0.000000] arch_timer: cp15 timer(s) running at 24.00MHz (phys).
[    0.000000] clocksource: arch_sys_counter: mask: 0xffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x588fe9dc0, max_idle_ns: 440795202592 ns
[    0.000001] sched_clock: 56 bits at 24MHz, resolution 41ns, wraps every 4398046511097ns
[    0.000013] Switching to timer-based delay loop, resolution 41ns
[    0.000188] clocksource: timer: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 79635851949 ns
[    0.000681] Console: colour dummy device 80x30
[    0.000724] Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 48.00 BogoMIPS (lpj=240000)
[    0.000740] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
[    0.000901] Mount-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes, linear)
[    0.000916] Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes, linear)
[    0.001461] CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok
[    0.001766] /cpus/cpu@0 missing clock-frequency property
[    0.001795] /cpus/cpu@1 missing clock-frequency property
[    0.001805] CPU0: thread -1, cpu 0, socket 0, mpidr 80000000
[    0.002581] Setting up static identity map for 0x40100000 - 0x40100060
[    0.002720] rcu: Hierarchical SRCU implementation.
[    0.002725] rcu:     Max phase no-delay instances is 1000.
[    0.003261] smp: Bringing up secondary CPUs ...
[    0.003971] CPU1: thread -1, cpu 1, socket 0, mpidr 80000001
[    0.004097] smp: Brought up 1 node, 2 CPUs
[    0.004107] SMP: Total of 2 processors activated (96.00 BogoMIPS).
[    0.004114] CPU: All CPU(s) started in SVC mode.
[    0.004635] devtmpfs: initialized
[    0.008727] VFP support v0.3: implementor 41 architecture 2 part 30 variant 7 rev 5
[    0.008927] clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 19112604462750000 ns
[    0.008951] futex hash table entries: 512 (order: 3, 32768 bytes, linear)
[    0.009546] pinctrl core: initialized pinctrl subsystem
[    0.010921] NET: Registered PF_NETLINK/PF_ROUTE protocol family
[    0.011968] DMA: preallocated 256 KiB pool for atomic coherent allocations
[    0.012787] thermal_sys: Registered thermal governor 'step_wise'
[    0.012969] hw-breakpoint: found 5 (+1 reserved) breakpoint and 4 watchpoint registers.
[    0.012981] hw-breakpoint: maximum watchpoint size is 8 bytes.
[    0.020855] platform 5460000.tcon-top: Fixing up cyclic dependency with 5200000.mixer
[    0.020919] platform 5460000.tcon-top: Fixing up cyclic dependency with 5100000.mixer
[    0.021185] platform 5461000.lcd-controller: Fixing up cyclic dependency with 5460000.tcon-top
[    0.021537] platform 5470000.lcd-controller: Fixing up cyclic dependency with 5604000.tv-encoder
[    0.021593] platform 5470000.lcd-controller: Fixing up cyclic dependency with 5460000.tcon-top
[    0.022352] platform 7090000.rtc: Fixing up cyclic dependency with 7010000.clock-controller
[    0.032234] SCSI subsystem initialized
[    0.032716] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
[    0.032754] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
[    0.032791] usbcore: registered new device driver usb
[    0.032977] mc: Linux media interface: v0.10
[    0.033022] videodev: Linux video capture interface: v2.00
[    0.033106] pps_core: LinuxPPS API ver. 1 registered
[    0.033112] pps_core: Software ver. 5.3.6 - Copyright 2005-2007 Rodolfo Giometti <giometti@linux.it>
[    0.033127] PTP clock support registered
[    0.033547] Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Initialized.
[    0.034416] clocksource: Switched to clocksource arch_sys_counter
[    0.041644] NET: Registered PF_INET protocol family
[    0.041849] IP idents hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes, linear)
[    0.042389] tcp_listen_portaddr_hash hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes, linear)
[    0.042417] Table-perturb hash table entries: 65536 (order: 6, 262144 bytes, linear)
[    0.042428] TCP established hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes, linear)
[    0.042444] TCP bind hash table entries: 1024 (order: 2, 16384 bytes, linear)
[    0.042479] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 1024 bind 1024)
[    0.042567] UDP hash table entries: 256 (order: 1, 8192 bytes, linear)
[    0.042599] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 256 (order: 1, 8192 bytes, linear)
[    0.042749] NET: Registered PF_UNIX/PF_LOCAL protocol family
[    0.043429] RPC: Registered named UNIX socket transport module.
[    0.043443] RPC: Registered udp transport module.
[    0.043447] RPC: Registered tcp transport module.
[    0.043450] RPC: Registered tcp NFSv4.1 backchannel transport module.
[    0.044815] workingset: timestamp_bits=30 max_order=15 bucket_order=0
[    0.049789] NFS: Registering the id_resolver key type
[    0.049854] Key type id_resolver registered
[    0.049858] Key type id_legacy registered
[    0.050022] Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 246)
[    0.050031] io scheduler mq-deadline registered
[    0.050036] io scheduler kyber registered
[    0.108727] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 8 ports, IRQ sharing disabled
[    0.118865] CAN device driver interface
[    0.122269] sun6i-rtc 7090000.rtc: registered as rtc0
[    0.122395] sun6i-rtc 7090000.rtc: setting system clock to 1970-01-02T00:00:00 UTC (86400)
[    0.122514] sun6i-rtc 7090000.rtc: RTC enabled
[    0.122857] i2c_dev: i2c /dev entries driver
[    0.124723] sunxi-wdt 20500a0.watchdog: Watchdog enabled (timeout=16 sec, nowayout=0)
[    0.125850] sun8i-ce 3040000.crypto: Set mod clock to 300000000 (300 Mhz) from 400000000 (400 Mhz)
[    0.126215] sun8i-ce 3040000.crypto: will run requests pump with realtime priority
[    0.126553] sun8i-ce 3040000.crypto: will run requests pump with realtime priority
[    0.126774] sun8i-ce 3040000.crypto: will run requests pump with realtime priority
[    0.126977] sun8i-ce 3040000.crypto: will run requests pump with realtime priority
[    0.127118] sun8i-ce 3040000.crypto: Register cbc(aes)
[    0.127146] sun8i-ce 3040000.crypto: Register ecb(aes)
[    0.127157] sun8i-ce 3040000.crypto: Register cbc(des3_ede)
[    0.127166] sun8i-ce 3040000.crypto: Register ecb(des3_ede)
[    0.127195] sun8i-ce 3040000.crypto: CryptoEngine Die ID 0
[    0.128073] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid
[    0.128082] usbhid: USB HID core driver
[    0.130773] NET: Registered PF_PACKET protocol family
[    0.130787] can: controller area network core
[    0.130861] NET: Registered PF_CAN protocol family
[    0.130869] can: raw protocol
[    0.130876] can: broadcast manager protocol
[    0.130885] can: netlink gateway - max_hops=1
[    0.130991] Key type dns_resolver registered
[    0.131078] Registering SWP/SWPB emulation handler
[    0.151942] sun20i-d1-pinctrl 2000000.pinctrl: initialized sunXi PIO driver
[    0.153211] printk: console [ttyS0] disabled
[    0.173477] 2500000.serial: ttyS0 at MMIO 0x2500000 (irq = 231, base_baud = 1500000) is a 16550A
[    0.980691] printk: console [ttyS0] enabled
[    0.987508] spi-nand spi0.0: Winbond SPI NAND was found.
[    0.992841] spi-nand spi0.0: 128 MiB, block size: 128 KiB, page size: 2048, OOB size: 64
[    1.001736] 4 fixed-partitions partitions found on MTD device spi0.0
[    1.008126] Creating 4 MTD partitions on "spi0.0":
[    1.012920] 0x000000000000-0x000000040000 : "awboot"
[    1.018743] 0x000000040000-0x000000080000 : "dtb"
[    1.024176] 0x000000080000-0x000000800000 : "kernel"
[    1.038649] 0x000000800000-0x000008000000 : "rootfs"
[    1.194220] phy phy-4100400.phy.0: Changing dr_mode to 1
[    1.195527] usb_phy_generic usb_phy_generic.1.auto: dummy supplies not allowed for exclusive requests
[    1.199603] ehci-platform 4101000.usb: EHCI Host Controller
[    1.209317] musb-hdrc musb-hdrc.2.auto: MUSB HDRC host driver
[    1.214352] ehci-platform 4101000.usb: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1
[    1.220112] musb-hdrc musb-hdrc.2.auto: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 2
[    1.236616] hub 2-0:1.0: USB hub found
[    1.236719] ehci-platform 4200000.usb: EHCI Host Controller
[    1.240434] hub 2-0:1.0: 1 port detected
[    1.247931] ohci-platform 4200400.usb: Generic Platform OHCI controller
[    1.256590] ohci-platform 4200400.usb: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 3
[    1.264527] ehci-platform 4101000.usb: irq 233, io mem 0x04101000
[    1.270652] ehci-platform 4200000.usb: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 4
[    1.270760] ohci-platform 4200400.usb: irq 237, io mem 0x04200400
[    1.286255] ehci-platform 4200000.usb: irq 235, io mem 0x04200000
[    1.292563] sunxi-mmc 4020000.mmc: Got CD GPIO
[    1.294477] ehci-platform 4101000.usb: USB 2.0 started, EHCI 1.00
[    1.303231] ubi0: attaching mtd3
[    1.308189] hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found
[    1.312277] hub 1-0:1.0: 1 port detected
[    1.322619] sunxi-mmc 4020000.mmc: initialized, max. request size: 2047 KB, uses new timings mode
[    1.334453] ehci-platform 4200000.usb: USB 2.0 started, EHCI 1.00
[    1.341315] hub 4-0:1.0: USB hub found
[    1.345162] hub 4-0:1.0: 1 port detected
[    1.359176] hub 3-0:1.0: USB hub found
[    1.362978] hub 3-0:1.0: 1 port detected
[    1.444542] ohci-platform 4101400.usb: Generic Platform OHCI controller
[    1.451202] ohci-platform 4101400.usb: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 5
[    1.459287] ohci-platform 4101400.usb: irq 236, io mem 0x04101400
[    1.539278] hub 5-0:1.0: USB hub found
[    1.543116] hub 5-0:1.0: 1 port detected
[    1.574453] random: crng init done
[    2.100239] ubi0: scanning is finished
[    2.114539] ubi0: attached mtd3 (name "rootfs", size 120 MiB)
[    2.120305] ubi0: PEB size: 131072 bytes (128 KiB), LEB size: 126976 bytes
[    2.127199] ubi0: min./max. I/O unit sizes: 2048/2048, sub-page size 2048
[    2.133981] ubi0: VID header offset: 2048 (aligned 2048), data offset: 4096
[    2.140952] ubi0: good PEBs: 960, bad PEBs: 0, corrupted PEBs: 0
[    2.146964] ubi0: user volume: 1, internal volumes: 1, max. volumes count: 128
[    2.154178] ubi0: max/mean erase counter: 2/0, WL threshold: 4096, image sequence number: 2041766426
[    2.163310] ubi0: available PEBs: 0, total reserved PEBs: 960, PEBs reserved for bad PEB handling: 20
[    2.172542] ubi0: background thread "ubi_bgt0d" started, PID 85
[    2.172894] ALSA device list:
[    2.181451]   No soundcards found.
[    2.186632] UBIFS (ubi0:0): Mounting in unauthenticated mode
[    2.192477] UBIFS (ubi0:0): background thread "ubifs_bgt0_0" started, PID 86
[    2.249179] UBIFS (ubi0:0): recovery needed
[    2.379732] UBIFS (ubi0:0): recovery completed
[    2.384300] UBIFS (ubi0:0): UBIFS: mounted UBI device 0, volume 0, name "rootfs"
[    2.391721] UBIFS (ubi0:0): LEB size: 126976 bytes (124 KiB), min./max. I/O unit sizes: 2048 bytes/2048 bytes
[    2.401642] UBIFS (ubi0:0): FS size: 117452800 bytes (112 MiB, 925 LEBs), max 1024 LEBs, journal size 9023488 bytes (8 MiB, 72 LEBs)
[    2.413554] UBIFS (ubi0:0): reserved for root: 0 bytes (0 KiB)
[    2.419390] UBIFS (ubi0:0): media format: w4/r0 (latest is w5/r0), UUID 9AE4F0B9-2A05-4C7A-8644-AA2CE4D2FFF0, small LPT model
[    2.432511] VFS: Mounted root (ubifs filesystem) on device 0:13.
[    2.440323] devtmpfs: mounted
[    2.444496] Freeing unused kernel image (initmem) memory: 1024K
[    2.450581] Run /sbin/init as init processSB bus registered, assigned bus number 2
[    1.228343] ehci-platform 4200000.usb: EHCI Host Controller
[    1.235904] hub 2-0:1.0: USB hub found
[    1.242613] ohci-platform 4200400.usb: Generic Platform OHCI controller
[    1.244554] hub 2-0:1.0: 1 port detected
[    1.255208] ehci-platform 4101000.usb: irq 233, io mem 0x04101000
[    1.261339] ehci-platform 4200000.usb: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 3
[    1.264326] ohci-platform 4200400.usb: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 4
[    1.278588] ehci-platform 4200000.usb: irq 235, io mem 0x04200000
[    1.284829] ehci-platform 4101000.usb: USB 2.0 started, EHCI 1.00
[    1.284899] sunxi-mmc 4020000.mmc: Got CD GPIO
[    1.296563] ubi0: attaching mtd3
[    1.300503] ohci-platform 4200400.usb: irq 237, io mem 0x04200400
[    1.307274] hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found
[    1.311088] hub 1-0:1.0: 1 port detected
[    1.315120] ehci-platform 4200000.usb: USB 2.0 started, EHCI 1.00
[    1.320965] sunxi-mmc 4020000.mmc: initialized, max. request size: 2047 KB, uses new timings mode
[    1.322827] hub 3-0:1.0: USB hub found
[    1.333954] hub 3-0:1.0: 1 port detected
[    1.379177] hub 4-0:1.0: USB hub found
[    1.382997] hub 4-0:1.0: 1 port detected
[    1.444407] ohci-platform 4101400.usb: Generic Platform OHCI controller
[    1.451070] ohci-platform 4101400.usb: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 5
[    1.459134] ohci-platform 4101400.usb: irq 236, io mem 0x04101400
[    1.539152] hub 5-0:1.0: USB hub found
[    1.542954] hub 5-0:1.0: 1 port detected
[    1.614309] random: crng init done
[    2.110704] ubi0: scanning is finished
[    2.124757] ubi0: attached mtd3 (name "rootfs", size 120 MiB)
[    2.130523] ubi0: PEB size: 131072 bytes (128 KiB), LEB size: 126976 bytes
[    2.137436] ubi0: min./max. I/O unit sizes: 2048/2048, sub-page size 2048
[    2.144219] ubi0: VID header offset: 2048 (aligned 2048), data offset: 4096
[    2.151185] ubi0: good PEBs: 960, bad PEBs: 0, corrupted PEBs: 0
[    2.157205] ubi0: user volume: 1, internal volumes: 1, max. volumes count: 128
[    2.164431] ubi0: max/mean erase counter: 2/0, WL threshold: 4096, image sequence number: 2041766426
[    2.173555] ubi0: available PEBs: 0, total reserved PEBs: 960, PEBs reserved for bad PEB handling: 20
[    2.183138] ALSA device list:
[    2.186140]   No soundcards found.
[    2.186172] ubi0: background thread "ubi_bgt0d" started, PID 85
[    2.197304] UBIFS (ubi0:0): Mounting in unauthenticated mode
[    2.203409] UBIFS (ubi0:0): background thread "ubifs_bgt0_0" started, PID 86
[    2.318154] UBIFS (ubi0:0): UBIFS: mounted UBI device 0, volume 0, name "rootfs"
[    2.325610] UBIFS (ubi0:0): LEB size: 126976 bytes (124 KiB), min./max. I/O unit sizes: 2048 bytes/2048 bytes
[    2.335531] UBIFS (ubi0:0): FS size: 117452800 bytes (112 MiB, 925 LEBs), max 1024 LEBs, journal size 9023488 bytes (8 MiB, 72 LEBs)
[    2.347444] UBIFS (ubi0:0): reserved for root: 0 bytes (0 KiB)
[    2.353272] UBIFS (ubi0:0): media format: w4/r0 (latest is w5/r0), UUID 9AE4F0B9-2A05-4C7A-8644-AA2CE4D2FFF0, small LPT model
[    2.366769] VFS: Mounted root (ubifs filesystem) on device 0:13.
[    2.374505] devtmpfs: mounted
[    2.378644] Freeing unused kernel image (initmem) memory: 1024K
[    2.384764] Run /sbin/init as init process
Starting syslogd: OK
Starting klogd: OK
Running sysctl: OK
Initializing random number generator: OK
Saving random seed: OK
Starting network: OK

Welcome to Buildroot
buildroot login: root
#
# uname -a
Linux buildroot 6.1.0-rc3 #7 SMP Fri Dec 30 18:52:12 CST 2022 armv7l GNU/Linux
#
# cat /proc/cpuinfo
processor       : 0
model name      : ARMv7 Processor rev 5 (v7l)
BogoMIPS        : 48.00
Features        : half thumb fastmult vfp edsp neon vfpv3 tls vfpv4 idiva idivt vfpd32 lpae evtstrm
CPU implementer : 0x41
CPU architecture: 7
CPU variant     : 0x0
CPU part        : 0xc07
CPU revision    : 5

processor       : 1
model name      : ARMv7 Processor rev 5 (v7l)
BogoMIPS        : 48.00
Features        : half thumb fastmult vfp edsp neon vfpv3 tls vfpv4 idiva idivt vfpd32 lpae evtstrm
CPU implementer : 0x41
CPU architecture: 7
CPU variant     : 0x0
CPU part        : 0xc07
CPU revision    : 5

Hardware        : Generic DT based system
Revision        : 0000
Serial          : 0000000000000000
#
# cat /proc/mtd
dev:    size   erasesize  name
mtd0: 00040000 00020000 "awboot"
mtd1: 00040000 00020000 "dtb"
mtd2: 00780000 00020000 "kernel"
mtd3: 07800000 00020000 "rootfs"
#
# mount
ubi0:rootfs on / type ubifs (rw,relatime,assert=read-only,ubi=0,vol=0)
devtmpfs on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,relatime,size=49900k,nr_inodes=12475,mode=755)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,relatime)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=666)
tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,relatime,mode=777)
tmpfs on /tmp type tmpfs (rw,relatime)
tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,mode=755)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,relatime)
#
# df -h
Filesystem                Size      Used Available Use% Mounted on
ubi0:rootfs             102.9M      3.5M     99.5M   3% /
devtmpfs                 48.7M         0     48.7M   0% /dev
tmpfs                    57.2M         0     57.2M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    57.2M     24.0K     57.2M   0% /tmp
tmpfs                    57.2M     16.0K     57.2M   0% /run
#
# time dd if=/dev/zero of=test.bin bs=1M count=64 conv=fsync
64+0 records in
64+0 records out
real    0m 1.26s
user    0m 0.00s
sys     0m 0.48s
#
#
# reboot
# Stopping network: OK
Saving random seed: OK
Stopping klogd: OK
Stopping syslogd: OK
umount: devtmpfs busy - remounted read-only
[  123.118531] UBIFS (ubi0:0): background thread "ubifs_bgt0_0" stops
The system is going down NOW!
Sent SIGTERM to all processes
Sent SIGKILL to[  125.165719] reboot: Restarting system

编译启动能够如此顺利必定少不了各位大佬的付出，特此感谢 big_smile

[qq978815410]

晕哥晕哥，我按照这个教程启动不了内核

[fizecoding]

@whycan 晕哥有没有遇到过卡[I] booting linux... 目前卡在这好久了，目前唯一的区别就是我用的spinand用的型号是 MX35LF1GE4AB